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PIA - Bend Points (Table)
The formula for the Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) is the basic benefit formula. The dollar amounts in the formula are sometimes called "bend points" because a formula, when graphed, appears as a series of line segments joined at these amounts.
PIA definition
The "primary insurance amount" (PIA) is the benefit (before rounding down to next lower whole dollar) a person would receive if he/she elects to begin receiving retirement benefits at his/her normal retirement age. At this age, the benefit is neither reduced for early retirement nor increased for delayed retirement.
PIA formula bend points
The PIA is the sum of three separate percentages of portions of average indexed monthly earnings. The portions depend on the year in which a worker attains age 62, becomes disabled before age 62, or dies before attaining age 62.
PIA formula
(a) 90 percent of the first bend point (Bend point impacted by WEP)
(b) 32 percent over the first bend point and through the second bend point
(c) 15 percent over the second bend point
The amount is rounded to the next lower multiple of $.10 if it is not already a multiple of $.10.
Dollar amounts in PIA formula
Dollar amounts in Primary Insurance Amount and maximum family benefit formulas
| Year | First | Second |
| 1979 | $180 | $1,085 |
| 1980 | 194 | 1,171 |
| 1981 | 211 | 1,274 |
| 1982 | 230 | 1,388 |
| 1983 | 254 | 1,528 |
| 1984 | 267 | 1,612 |
| 1985 | 280 | 1,691 |
| 1986 | 297 | 1,790 |
| 1987 | 310 | 1,866 |
| 1988 | 319 | 1,922 |
| 1989 | 339 | 2,044 |
| 1990 | 356 | 2,145 |
| 1991 | 370 | 2,230 |
| 1992 | 387 | 2,333 |
| 1993 | 401 | 2,420 |
| 1994 | 422 | 2,545 |
| 1995 | 426 | 2,567 |
| 1996 | 437 | 2,635 |
| 1997 | 455 | 2,741 |
| 1998 | 477 | 2,875 |
| 1999 | 505 | 3,043 |
| 2000 | 531 | 3,202 |
| 2001 | 561 | 3,381 |
| 2002 | 592 | 3,567 |
| 2003 | 606 | 3,653 |
| 2004 | 612 | 3,689 |
| 2005 | 627 | 3,779 |
| 2006 | 656 | 3,955 |
| 2007 | 680 | 4,100 |
| 2008 | 711 | 4,288 |
| 2009 | 744 | 4,483 |
| 2010 | 761 | 4,586 |
| 2011 | 749 | 4,517 |
| 2012 | 767 | 4,624 |
| 2013 | 791 | 4,768 |
| 2014 | 816 | 4,917 |
| 2015 | 826 | 4,980 |
| 2016 | 856 | 5,157 |
| 2017 | 885 | 5,336 |
| 2018 | 895 | 5,397 |
| 2019 | 926 | 5,583 |
| 2020 | 960 | 5,785 |
| 2021 | 996 | 6,002 |
| 2022 | 1,024 | 6,172 |
| 2023 | 1,115 | 6,721 |
| 2024 | 1,174 | 7,078 |
| 2025 | 1,226 | 7,391 |
Last Updated: October 10, 2024
NH 1/4/2024
Updated with 2025 COLA Data